Howitzers are also more flexible and can be easily switched to different types of ammunition during firing, including high-explosive bombs and smoke grenades. For example, a howitzer can throw a lot of fire at a target such as bunker or armored vehicle in a short period of time, and then easily switch to a new target. However, the 105 mm howitzer still has a unique advantage over guided missiles and bombs and smaller caliber artillery, which can strike a variety of cluster targets in a variety of situations. As a result, it was originally planned that the AC-130J would be primarily equipped with a variety of precision-guided munitions, as well as a GAU-23/A 30 mm automatic gun. By 2004, the US Air Force’s AC-130 was the only platform still using the M102 howitzer, so the use and maintenance of such weapons were becoming increasingly difficult. Starting with the AC-130E during the Vietnam War, every AC-130 since then has been equipped with this howitzer.
Initially, the US Air Force planned to abandon the installation of the M102 howitzer on the AC-130J, which entered service in 1964 as a 105 mm towed howitzer for the Army Artillery Unit. The AC-130 has been equipped with weapons such as the GAU-2/A 7.62 mm rotary tube “Mini Gun”, the M61 “Vulcan Gun”, and the Bofors 40 mm anti-aircraft gun.
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